The correct answer is (d). Botswana is the largest producer of diamonds in the world. In 2020, Botswana produced 27.4 million carats of diamonds, followed by Russia (10.6 million carats), Australia (8.8 million carats), and Canada (8.6 million carats).
Australia has been the world’s largest producer of diamonds for many years, but Botswana has been catching up in recent years. In 2019, Botswana produced 23.2 million carats of diamonds, while Australia produced 34.3 million carats. However, in 2020, Botswana’s production increased by 16%, while Australia’s production decreased by 22%. This is due to a number of factors, including the discovery of new diamond deposits in Botswana and the closure of some diamond mines in Australia.
Russia is the third largest producer of diamonds in the world. The country’s diamond industry is dominated by the state-owned company Alrosa, which accounts for about 90% of Russia’s diamond production. Alrosa’s diamond mines are located in Siberia and the Arctic.
Canada is the fourth largest producer of diamonds in the world. The country’s diamond industry is dominated by the De Beers Group, which accounts for about 70% of Canada’s diamond production. De Beers’ diamond mines are located in the Northwest Territories and Nunavut.
The diamond industry is a major source of income for Botswana. The country’s diamond mines employ about 100,000 people and account for about 25% of the country’s GDP. Botswana has a number of policies in place to ensure that the diamond industry benefits the country as a whole, including a requirement that all diamond sales be through the government-owned Diamond Trading Company.