The correct answer is D. transaction log.
A report writer is a software application that creates reports from data stored in a database. A query language is a programming language that allows users to retrieve data from a database. A data manipulation language (DML) is a set of commands that allow users to add, update, or delete data from a database. A transaction log is a record of all changes made to a database.
The transaction log is the only option that contains a complete record of all activity that affected the contents of a database during a certain period of time. The report writer, query language, and DML only contain information about the data that was retrieved, updated, or deleted from the database. The transaction log also contains information about the time and date of each change, as well as the user who made the change.
The transaction log is used to recover data in the event of a database crash or other data loss. It can also be used to audit database activity and to track changes to data over time.