The correct answer is A. Paging.
Paging is a memory management technique that divides physical memory into fixed-size blocks called pages. Each process is assigned a set of pages, called its virtual address space. When a process needs to access a page that is not in physical memory, a page fault
occurs. The operating system then brings the page into physical memory from secondary storage.Paging is a very effective way to prevent page faults. By dividing physical memory into fixed-size blocks, paging can ensure that all pages that are needed by a process are always in physical memory. This can significantly improve the performance of a process.
The other options are not
as effective at preventing page faults.The working set is a set of pages that are currently in use by a process. The operating system will try to keep the working set in physical memory. However, if the working set is too large, it may not all fit in physical memory. In this case, the operating system will have to page out some of the pages in the working set to make room for other pages.
Hit ratios are a measure of how often the operating system is able to find the pages that a process needs in physical memory. A high hit ratio means that the operating system is able to avoid page faults. However, a low hit ratio means that the operating system will have to page in pages from secondary storage, which can slow down the process.
Address location resolution is the process of mapping virtual addresses to physical addresses. This is a necessary step in order for a process to access memory. However, address location resolution does not prevent page faults.
In conclusion, paging is the best concept to prevent page faults. Paging divides physical memory into fixed-size blocks, called pages. Each process is assigned a set of pages, called its virtual address space. When a process needs to access a page that is not in physical memory, a page fault occurs. The operating system then brings the page into physical memory from secondary storage.