Which of the following catalytic systems is used for the reduction of

Which of the following catalytic systems is used for the reduction of unsaturated hydrocarbon to saturated hydrocarbon?

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Copper and H₂

Iron and H₂

Zinc and H₂

Nickel and H₂

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UPSC CDS-1 – 2024

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The catalytic system used for the reduction of unsaturated hydrocarbons (like alkenes and alkynes) to saturated hydrocarbons (alkanes) is typically a metal catalyst with hydrogen gas (H₂). Nickel (Ni), Palladium (Pd), and Platinum (Pt) are the most common catalysts for this hydrogenation reaction.

Catalytic hydrogenation adds hydrogen across carbon-carbon double or triple bonds, saturating the hydrocarbon. This process requires a catalyst to facilitate the reaction by adsorbing the reactants onto its surface.

While other metals like copper, iron, and zinc can be involved in various chemical reactions involving hydrogen, Nickel (especially Raney nickel), Palladium, and Platinum are the standard and most effective catalysts for the hydrogenation of unsaturated hydrocarbons under typical laboratory or industrial conditions.

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