Which of the following are associated with the scientific management movement? 1. Functional Foremanship 2. Centralisation 3. Time and motion study 4. Unity of command Select the correct answer:

The correct answer is: C. 1, 2 and 3

Functional foremanship, time and motion study, and unity of command are all associated with the scientific management movement.

• Functional foremanship is a system of management in which each worker is supervised by a number of specialized foremen, each responsible for a different aspect of the work. This system was developed by Frederick Winslow Taylor, one of the founders of the scientific management movement.
• Time and motion study is a technique used to analyze and improve the efficiency of work methods. It involves breaking down a task into its component steps and then measuring the time it takes to perform each step. This information can then be used to develop new and more efficient ways of performing the task.
• Unity of command is a principle of management that states that each employee should have only one supervisor. This principle is designed to avoid confusion and conflict among employees.

Centralization is not associated with the scientific management movement. Centralization is a management style in which decision-making authority is concentrated at the top of the organization. This style of management is often associated with bureaucracy and inefficiency.