Which of the following activities constitute real sector in the econom

Which of the following activities constitute real sector in the economy?

  • 1. Farmers harvesting their crops
  • 2. Textile mills converting raw cotton into fabrics
  • 3. A commercial bank lending money to a trading company
  • 4. A corporate body issuing Rupee Denominated Bonds overseas

Select the correct answer using the code given below:

1 and 2 only
2, 3 and 4 only
1, 3 and 4 only
1, 2, 3 and 4
This question was previously asked in
UPSC IAS – 2022
Option A is correct.
The real sector of the economy is involved in the production, distribution, and consumption of goods and services, while the financial sector deals with financial assets, intermediaries, and transactions. Activities that directly result in the creation or transformation of physical goods are part of the real sector.
1. Farmers harvesting their crops: This is a primary production activity resulting in tangible goods (agricultural output). It falls under the real sector.
2. Textile mills converting raw cotton into fabrics: This is a manufacturing process involving the transformation of raw materials into finished goods. It is part of the real sector.
3. A commercial bank lending money: This is a financial intermediation activity, facilitating the flow of funds. It belongs to the financial sector.
4. A corporate body issuing Rupee Denominated Bonds overseas: This is a fundraising activity involving the creation and issuance of financial instruments. It belongs to the financial sector.
Therefore, only activities 1 and 2 constitute the real sector among the options provided.