The correct answer is C. Cyclones.
Cyclones are a type of tropical cyclone that form in the Indian Ocean. They are known as hurricanes in the Atlantic Ocean and typhoons in the Pacific Ocean. Cyclones are caused by warm, moist air rising from the ocean surface. This rising air creates an area of low pressure at the surface, which draws in more warm, moist air. As the air rises, it cools and condenses, forming clouds and rain. The cyclone continues to grow as long as there is warm, moist air available to feed it.
Cyclones can cause extensive damage to coastal areas. The high winds can damage buildings and infrastructure, while the heavy rains can cause flooding. Cyclones can also cause loss of life, as people are often caught off guard by the storm.
The coastal regions of Karnataka are at risk from cyclones. In 2018, Cyclone Gaja caused extensive damage to the state, killing at least 12 people and displacing over 100,000 people.
Droughts are a period of time when there is less than normal rainfall. This can lead to a shortage of water for drinking, irrigation, and other purposes. Droughts can also cause crop failures and wildfires.
Floods are a natural disaster that occurs when water overflows its natural boundaries and inundates land. Floods can be caused by heavy rains, melting snow, or dam failures. They can cause extensive damage to property and infrastructure, and can also lead to loss of life.
Earthquakes are a shaking of the ground caused by the sudden release of energy in the Earth’s crust. Earthquakes can cause damage to buildings and infrastructure, and can also lead to loss of life.
The coastal regions of Karnataka are at risk from all of these natural hazards. However, cyclones are the most common and destructive natural hazard in the region.