The correct answer is B. C languages.
Arduino is an open-source electronics platform based on easy-to-use hardware and software. Arduino boards are able to read inputs – light on a sensor, a finger on a button, or a Twitter message – and turn it into an output – activating a motor, turning on an LED, publishing something online. You can tell your board what to do by sending a set of instructions to the microcontroller on the board. To do so you use the Arduino programming language (based on Wiring), and the Arduino Software (IDE), based on Processing.
C is a general-purpose, procedural computer programming language supporting structured programming, lexical variable scope and recursion, while a static type system prevents many unintended operations. By design, C provides constructs that map efficiently to typical machine instructions, and has found lasting use in applications previously coded in assembly language. Such applications include operating systems, as well as various application software for computer architectures that range from supercomputers to PLCs and embedded systems.
C has also been used to implement many other programming languages, most notably C++, Objective-C, and C#.
Assembly language is a low-level programming language that is specific to a particular computer architecture. It is a symbolic representation of machine code, and each instruction in assembly language corresponds to a single machine instruction. Assembly language is used to write programs that are very efficient in terms of execution speed. However, it is a difficult language to learn and use, and it is not portable to different computer architectures.
Java is a general-purpose, class-based, object-oriented programming language designed for having lesser implementation dependencies. It is a compiled language and not an interpreted language. It is a concurrent language and not a sequential language. It is a strongly typed language and not a weakly typed language. It is a garbage-collected language and not a manual memory management language. It is a platform-independent language and not a platform-dependent language.
Java is a popular language for developing web applications, desktop applications, and mobile applications. It is also used for developing enterprise applications.
Any language is not a correct answer because it is not specific enough. There are many different programming languages that can be used to control Arduino, but C is the most popular language.