The correct answer is: C) Article 44
Article 44 of the Indian Constitution states that the State shall endeavour to secure for citizens a uniform civil code throughout the territory of India. This means that the government should try to create a single set of laws governing marriage, divorce, inheritance, and other personal matters, which would apply to all citizens regardless of their religion.
Article 44 is one of the Directive Principles of State Policy, which are a set of principles that the government is supposed to follow in making laws and policies. However, the Directive Principles are not enforceable in court, so the government is not legally bound to implement Article 44.
Despite this, there have been several attempts to enact a uniform civil code in India. The most recent attempt was in 2016, when the government introduced a bill in Parliament that would have replaced the existing personal laws with a uniform civil code. However, the bill was met with strong opposition from religious groups, and it was eventually withdrawn.
The issue of a uniform civil code is a complex and controversial one. There are strong arguments to be made on both sides of the issue. Some people believe that a uniform civil code would promote equality and justice for all citizens, while others believe that it would violate religious freedom.
Ultimately, the decision of whether or not to enact a uniform civil code is up to the government of India. However, it is important to remember that this is a sensitive issue that needs to be handled with care.