The correct answer is B. Observations.
Observation is a data collection method that involves directly interacting with subjects or participants. This can be done in a natural setting, such as observing people in their homes or workplaces, or in a controlled setting, such as a laboratory. Observations can be used to collect a variety of data, including behavior, interactions, and physical characteristics.
Surveys are a data collection method that involves asking subjects or participants questions. Surveys can be conducted in person, over the phone, or online. Surveys can be used to collect a variety of data, including opinions, attitudes, and demographics.
Experiments are a data collection method that involves manipulating one or more variables and observing the effect on another variable. Experiments can be conducted in a natural setting or in a controlled setting. Experiments can be used to test cause-and-effect relationships.
Sampling is a data collection method that involves selecting a subset of subjects or participants from a larger population. Sampling can be used to save time and money, and to reduce the risk of bias.
Here are some examples of observations:
- Observing people’s behavior in a public place, such as a park or a shopping mall.
- Observing how people interact with each other, such as in a classroom or at a workplace.
- Observing people’s physical characteristics, such as their height, weight, or hair color.
Here are some examples of surveys:
- A survey asking people about their opinions on a particular issue.
- A survey asking people about their attitudes towards a particular product or service.
- A survey asking people about their demographics, such as their age, gender, or income.
Here are some examples of experiments:
- An experiment testing the effect of a new drug on a group of patients.
- An experiment testing the effect of a new teaching method on a group of students.
- An experiment testing the effect of a new advertising campaign on a group of consumers.
Here are some examples of sampling:
- A survey of a random sample of voters to predict the outcome of an election.
- A study of a random sample of patients to test the effectiveness of a new drug.
- A study of a random sample of students to test the effectiveness of a new teaching method.