Surat is known as the “Manchester of India” because of its textile industry. It is the second-largest city in Gujarat, after Ahmedabad, and the 10th-largest city in India. Surat is located on the banks of the Tapi River, in the Gulf of Khambhat. The city has a long history of textile manufacturing, dating back to the 16th century. Surat was a major center of the Mughal Empire, and it was also a major port city. The city’s textile industry declined in the 18th century, but it revived in the 19th century. Surat is now one of the largest textile manufacturing centers in India. The city’s textile industry employs over 1 million people, and it accounts for over 50% of the city’s GDP. Surat is also a major center of diamond cutting and polishing. The city is home to over 10,000 diamond factories, and it accounts for over 90% of the world’s diamond cutting and polishing industry. Surat is a major commercial and industrial center, and it is also a popular tourist destination. The city is home to many historical and cultural sites, including the Surat Castle, the Surat Museum, and the Surat Gandhi Smarak.