The correct answer is D. All of the above.
Risk avoidance is the process of eliminating or reducing the likelihood of a risk occurring. This can be done by changing the way a process is done, or by using different materials or equipment.
Risk retention is the decision to accept the consequences of a risk if it occurs. This can be done by setting aside money to cover potential losses, or by purchasing insurance.
Risk reduction is the process of making a risk less likely to occur, or less severe if it does occur. This can be done by taking steps to improve safety, or by implementing contingency plans.
Each of these methods has its own advantages and disadvantages. Risk avoidance can be expensive and time-consuming, but it can also provide the most protection. Risk retention can be less expensive than risk avoidance, but it can also leave the organization exposed to significant losses. Risk reduction is a middle ground between risk avoidance and risk retention, and it can be a cost-effective way to manage risk.
The best way to manage risk is to use a combination of methods. This will help to ensure that the organization is protected from all types of risks, and that the costs of risk management are kept to a minimum.