Which among the following statements with regard to Five Year Plans in

Which among the following statements with regard to Five Year Plans in India is/are correct ?

1. The First and Ninth five year plans accorded high priority to agriculture
2. The Third Plan was based on the Harrod-Domar Model
3. Seventh Plan focused on food, work and productivity
4. The Ninth five year plan emphasized on massive investments in public sector

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1 only

1 and 3

3 and 4

1, 2 and 4

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This question was previously asked in

UPSC NDA-2 – 2024

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Statement 1 is correct. The First Five Year Plan (1951-1956) accorded high priority to agriculture, aiming to overcome food shortages and address inflationary pressures. The Ninth Five Year Plan (1997-2002) also emphasized agriculture and rural development as a key area for achieving the goal of ‘Growth with Social Justice and Equity’. Statement 3 is correct. The Seventh Five Year Plan (1985-1990) had ‘Food, Work and Productivity’ as its main objectives, focusing on generating productive employment and increasing food production. Statement 2 is incorrect. The First Five Year Plan was based on the Harrod-Domar model. The Third Plan (1961-1966) used aspects of the Mahalanobis model and faced significant challenges. Statement 4 is incorrect. The Ninth Five Year Plan, operating in the post-liberalization era, emphasized economic reforms, efficiency, productivity, and encouraging the private sector, rather than massive investments solely in the public sector as was characteristic of earlier plans.

The First Plan prioritized agriculture, and the Seventh Plan focused on food, work, and productivity. The models used and the emphasis on public vs. private sector investment varied across plans.

The First Plan focused on primary sector development. The Second Plan focused on rapid industrialization (Mahalanobis model). The Third Plan aimed at self-sufficiency in food grains and expansion of basic industries. The Seventh Plan was formulated during the leadership of Rajiv Gandhi.

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