The correct answer is: D. All of the above
Haryana has been a pioneer in the adoption of drip irrigation, sprinkler irrigation, and underground pipeline systems. These systems have helped to improve water efficiency, reduce waterlogging, and increase crop yields.
Drip irrigation is a method of irrigation that delivers water directly to the roots of plants. This is done through a network of small pipes that are buried underground or placed on the surface of the soil. Drip irrigation is a very efficient way to irrigate crops, as it minimizes water loss due to evaporation and runoff.
Sprinkler irrigation is a method of irrigation that uses sprinklers to spray water onto crops. Sprinklers can be either fixed or moving. Fixed sprinklers are typically used on large, flat fields, while moving sprinklers are used on smaller, more irregularly shaped fields. Sprinkler irrigation is a very effective way to irrigate crops, as it provides a uniform application of water.
Underground pipeline systems are used to transport water from sources such as rivers, lakes, or wells to fields. These systems are typically made of PVC or HDPE pipe. Underground pipeline systems are a very efficient way to transport water, as they minimize water loss due to evaporation and seepage.
Haryana’s flagship projects in the field of irrigation have helped to improve the state’s agricultural productivity and water security. These projects have also helped to reduce the state’s dependence on groundwater, which is a finite resource.