Which among the following actions would violate human rights? 1. State

Which among the following actions would violate human rights?
1. State forces disrupting peaceful protests.
2. State forces carrying out search warrants in insurgency affected areas.
3. State forces engaging with armed insurgents in civilian areas resulting in loss of civilian lives.
Select the correct answer using the code given below:

[amp_mcq option1=”1 and 3″ option2=”1 and 2″ option3=”3 only” option4=”None of the above” correct=”option1″]

This question was previously asked in

UPSC CAPF – 2010

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Statement 1 describes state forces disrupting *peaceful* protests. The right to peaceful assembly is a fundamental human right. Disrupting such protests, especially through excessive force, is a violation of human rights. Statement 3 describes state forces engaging armed insurgents in civilian areas resulting in civilian deaths. While engaging armed threats is legitimate, doing so in civilian areas requires utmost caution to protect civilians. The outcome of civilian deaths strongly suggests a failure to take adequate precautions or the use of disproportionate force, which constitutes a violation of human rights and potentially international humanitarian law principles like distinction and proportionality. Statement 2 describes state forces carrying out lawful search warrants, which is a legitimate function of law enforcement and does not inherently violate human rights if conducted according to legal procedures and with respect for dignity. Therefore, actions 1 and 3 would violate human rights.

Violating the right to peaceful assembly (1) and causing civilian casualties due to insufficient care or disproportionate force during engagements in civilian areas (3) are human rights violations. Lawful search warrants (2) are not.

International human rights law protects rights such as the right to peaceful assembly and the right to life. International humanitarian law, applicable during armed conflicts, provides rules for the conduct of hostilities, including the protection of civilians and principles like distinction between combatants and civilians, and proportionality in attack. State actions must adhere to these frameworks.

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