The correct answer is: D. jointly and severally.
A joint and several obligation is a legal obligation that can be enforced against all of the parties to the obligation, or against any one of them. This means that if one party to a joint and several obligation fails to fulfill their obligation, the other parties can be held liable for the full amount of the obligation.
In the context of the question, if two or more persons have made a joint promise, then, unless a contrary intention appears from the contract, all such persons must fulfill the promise jointly and severally. This means that each person is individually liable for the full amount of the promise, and the creditor can sue any one of them for the full amount.
The other options are incorrect because they do not accurately reflect the legal obligations of the parties to a joint and several obligation. Option A, “jointly,” means that all of the parties to the obligation must fulfill the promise together. Option B, “severally,” means that each party to the obligation is individually liable for their share of the promise. Option C, “jointly or severally,” means that the parties can choose whether to fulfill the promise together or individually.
I hope this explanation is helpful. Please let me know if you have any other questions.