When sound waves are propagated through a medium, the physical quantit

When sound waves are propagated through a medium, the physical quantity/ quantities transmitted is/are

matter only
energy only
energy and matter only
energy, momentum and matter
This question was previously asked in
UPSC NDA-2 – 2016
Sound waves are mechanical waves that transfer energy through a medium by causing particles of the medium to vibrate about their equilibrium positions.
Waves, in general, are mechanisms for transferring energy and momentum without transferring matter over a macroscopic distance. In sound waves, the particles of the medium oscillate but do not travel along with the wave.
While particles have momentary momentum as they oscillate, and momentum is technically transferred by sound waves, the primary and most commonly cited quantity transmitted by sound waves in this context is energy. Option D is incorrect because matter (bulk material) is not transmitted. Given the options, B is the most appropriate answer representing the main quantity transferred.