When light is scattered by a molecule and the frequency of the scattered light is changed, this phenomenon is called
Rayleigh scattering.
Raman effect.
Photoelectric effect.
Rutherford scattering.
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This question was previously asked in
UPSC NDA-1 – 2021
– When the scattering is elastic, the frequency of the scattered light is the same as the incident light (e.g., Rayleigh scattering).
– When the scattering is inelastic, there is an exchange of energy between the light photon and the scattering molecule, resulting in a change in the frequency (and wavelength) of the scattered light.
– The Raman effect is an example of inelastic scattering of light by molecules, where the scattered light can have frequencies shifted up or down from the incident frequency, corresponding to transitions between vibrational or rotational energy levels of the molecule.
– Photoelectric effect is the emission of electrons from a material when light shines on it.
– Rutherford scattering is the scattering of alpha particles by atomic nuclei, used in the discovery of the atomic nucleus.