The correct answer is: A. 30 May 1987
Goa was a Portuguese colony for over 450 years. It was finally liberated by the Indian Armed Forces on 19 December 1961. However, it remained a Union Territory of India until 30 May 1987, when it became the 25th state of the Indian Union.
Option B is incorrect because 1 May 1898 is the date on which Goa was declared a province of Portugal.
Option C is incorrect because 14 May 1987 is the date on which Goa held its first legislative assembly elections.
Option D is incorrect because Goa did not come into existence as a state of India on any of the dates mentioned in the options.