The correct answer is D. sensory devices.
Sensory devices are used by robots to perceive their environment. This allows them to avoid obstacles and interact with objects in a safe and efficient manner. Some common types of sensory devices used by robots include cameras, proximity sensors, and touch sensors.
A negative image is a type of image that is created by reversing the colors of a regular image. This can be used to create a sense of depth in an image, but it would not be helpful for preventing a robot from running into other objects.
Functional manipulators are the parts of a robot that are used to interact with the environment. They can be used to pick up objects, move objects around, and perform other tasks. However, they would not be able to prevent a robot from running into other objects on their own.
Memory is used by robots to store information about their environment and their past experiences. This information can be used to help the robot make decisions about how to avoid obstacles and interact with objects. However, memory would not be able to prevent a robot from running into other objects on its own.
Therefore, the correct answer is D. sensory devices.