The correct answer is (c). Pleadings are the formal statements of a party’s claims or defenses in a lawsuit. They must include a short and plain statement of the facts that are the basis of the claim or defense, as well as the legal grounds for the claim or defense. Pleadings are essential to the litigation process, as they provide the court with the information it needs to decide the case.
(a) is incorrect because pleadings must include both facts and law. The facts are the events that give rise to the claim or defense, while the law is the legal theory that supports the claim or defense.
(b) is incorrect because pleadings must include facts. Without facts, the court would not be able to understand the basis of the claim or defense.
(d) is incorrect because pleadings must include both facts and law.