What is the depression at the top of a volcano following a volcanic er

What is the depression at the top of a volcano following a volcanic eruption called?

Chamber

Vent

Cinder

Crater

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UPSC CAPF – 2021

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The depression at the top of a volcano following a volcanic eruption is called a crater. It is typically a bowl-shaped geological formation.

A volcanic crater is formed by explosive eruptions or collapse around a vent. It is the exit point for volcanic materials like lava, ash, and gases. Craters vary in size and shape.

A vent is the channel through which volcanic material rises to the surface. A magma chamber is a reservoir of molten rock beneath the surface. Cinder refers to porous, volcanic rock fragments (a type of pyroclastic material) ejected during eruptions. A caldera is a much larger depression, often miles wide, formed by the collapse of a volcano into its emptied magma chamber, usually after a very large eruption.

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