What are the benefits of imple- menting the ‘Integrated Watershed Deve

What are the benefits of imple- menting the ‘Integrated Watershed Development Programme’?

  • 1. Prevention of soil runoff
  • 2. Linking the country’s perennial rivers with seasonal rivers
  • 3. Rainwater harvesting and recharge of groundwater table
  • 4. Regeneration of natural vegetation

Select the correct answer using the code given below.

1 and 2 only
2, 3 and 4 only
1, 3 and 4 only
1, 2, 3 and 4
This question was previously asked in
UPSC IAS – 2014
The Integrated Watershed Development Programme aims at holistic development of rainfed areas based on watershed approach. Its core objectives include soil and water conservation, promotion of vegetation cover, judicious use of water resources, and improving livelihoods through enhanced agricultural and allied activities.
Statement 1 is correct: Prevention of soil runoff is a primary objective achieved through techniques like contour bunding, terracing, and afforestation within the watershed.
Statement 3 is correct: Rainwater harvesting (e.g., check dams, farm ponds) and recharging the groundwater table (e.g., percolation tanks) are crucial components of watershed development to improve water availability.
Statement 4 is correct: Regeneration of natural vegetation (tree plantation, grassland development) is essential for soil conservation, improving water infiltration, and biodiversity enhancement within the watershed.
Statement 2 is incorrect: Linking the country’s perennial rivers with seasonal rivers is a massive infrastructure project under the National River Linking Project, which is distinct from the decentralized, area-based approach of watershed development.
– Watershed development focuses on managing land and water resources within a defined geographical area (watershed).
– Key goals include soil conservation, water harvesting, groundwater recharge, increasing vegetative cover, and improving agricultural productivity.
– It does not involve large-scale inter-basin transfer of water like river linking projects.
The Integrated Watershed Development Programme (IWDP) was launched in India to address issues of land degradation and water scarcity, particularly in rainfed areas. It employs a participatory approach involving local communities in planning and implementation. It was subsumed under the Pradhan Mantri Krishi Sinchayee Yojana (PMKSY) in 2015-16, specifically under the ‘Watershed Development’ component (PMKSY-WDC).
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