The correct answer is: b) Peaty soil
Peat is a dark, carbon-rich soil that forms in waterlogged environments. It is composed of partially decomposed plant material, and it is often used as a fuel or as a soil amendment.
Desert soil is a type of soil that forms in arid environments. It is typically low in organic matter and nutrients, and it is often very dry and dusty.
Sandy soil is a type of soil that is composed of mostly sand particles. It is typically loose and well-drained, and it is often used for construction or landscaping.
Laterite soil is a type of soil that forms in tropical climates. It is typically red or yellow in color, and it is rich in iron and aluminum oxides.
Waterlogging in Assam’s lowlands can lead to the formation of peaty soil because the waterlogged conditions prevent the decomposition of plant material. This allows the plant material to accumulate and form peat.