The correct answer is: a) Rural areas to towns and cities.
Meghalaya is a state in northeastern India. It is the 12th smallest state in India by area and the 29th most populous state. The state is home to a number of ethnic groups, including the Khasi, Garo, and Jaintia peoples.
The state has experienced rapid urbanization in recent years. The urban population of Meghalaya increased from 23.5% in 2001 to 30.8% in 2011. This growth is primarily driven by migration from rural areas to towns and cities.
There are a number of factors that have contributed to this migration. One factor is the lack of economic opportunities in rural areas. Many people in rural areas are unable to find jobs that pay enough to support their families. As a result, they move to towns and cities in search of better opportunities.
Another factor that has contributed to migration is the lack of infrastructure in rural areas. Many rural areas do not have access to basic amenities such as electricity, water, and healthcare. This lack of infrastructure makes it difficult for people to live in rural areas.
The migration from rural areas to towns and cities has had a number of impacts on Meghalaya. One impact is the growth of slums. Many migrants to towns and cities end up living in slums, which are overcrowded and lack basic amenities.
Another impact of migration is the strain on resources. Towns and cities in Meghalaya are not able to cope with the influx of migrants. This has led to a shortage of housing, water, and electricity.
The migration from rural areas to towns and cities is a complex issue. There are a number of factors that have contributed to this migration, and there are a number of impacts that this migration has had on Meghalaya. It is important to understand these factors and impacts in order to address the issue of migration in Meghalaya.
The other options are incorrect because:
- Option b) Other northeastern states is incorrect because the migration from other northeastern states to Meghalaya is not as significant as the migration from rural areas to towns and cities.
- Option c) Mainland India is incorrect because the migration from mainland India to Meghalaya is also not as significant as the migration from rural areas to towns and cities.
- Option d) Neighboring countries is incorrect because there is no significant migration from neighboring countries to Meghalaya.