The correct answer is: B. 1953
The University Grants Commission (UGC) is an autonomous body set up by the Government of India to coordinate, maintain standards and promote the development of higher education in India. It was established on 23 December 1953, under the University Grants Commission Act, 1956.
The UGC has the following functions:
- To determine and maintain standards of teaching, examination and research in universities and colleges.
- To allocate funds to universities and colleges for the development of higher education.
- To promote research in universities and colleges.
- To provide financial assistance to students for higher education.
- To advise the government on matters relating to higher education.
The UGC has been instrumental in the development of higher education in India. It has helped to establish new universities and colleges, and has provided financial assistance to existing institutions. It has also promoted research in universities and colleges, and has provided financial assistance to students for higher education.
The UGC has been criticized for its bureaucratic structure and for its lack of accountability. However, it remains an important body in the development of higher education in India.
The other options are incorrect because:
- Option A is incorrect because the UGC was established in 1953, not 1966.
- Option C is incorrect because the UGC was established in 1953, not 1946.
- Option D is incorrect because the UGC was established in 1953, not 1986.