The correct answer is: D. Less than 4 percent
Water vapor is the gaseous state of water. It is the most abundant greenhouse gas in Earth’s atmosphere, accounting for about 3% of the total volume of the atmosphere and about 1% of the mass of the atmosphere.
The amount of water vapor in the atmosphere varies greatly from place to place and from time to time. It is highest near the Earth’s surface, where it is constantly being added by evaporation from the Earth’s surface and removed by condensation and precipitation.
The amount of water vapor in the atmosphere also varies with temperature. Warmer air can hold more water vapor than cooler air. This is why the atmosphere is typically much more humid in the tropics than in the polar regions.
Water vapor is an important greenhouse gas because it traps heat in the atmosphere. This helps to keep the Earth’s surface warm. However, too much water vapor can also lead to problems such as flooding and drought.
The other options are incorrect because they do not represent the correct percentage of water vapor in the atmosphere. Option A is incorrect because it states that water vapor accounts for about 78 percent of the air’s volume near the Earth’s surface. This is not true. Option B is incorrect because it states that water vapor accounts for about 21 percent of the air’s volume near the Earth’s surface. This is also not true. Option C is incorrect because it states that water vapor accounts for close to 10 percent of the air’s volume near the Earth’s surface. This is not true. Option E is incorrect because it states that none of the other options are correct. This is not true.