The correct answer is: A. load on it increases
A transformer is an electrical device that transfers energy between two or more circuits through electromagnetic induction. A transformer consists of two coils of wire wound around a core, which is usually made of iron. The primary coil is connected to the input voltage, and the secondary coil is connected to the load. When current flows through the primary coil, it creates a magnetic field. This magnetic field induces a voltage in the secondary coil. The voltage in the secondary coil is proportional to the number of turns in the secondary coil and the ratio of the number of turns in the primary coil to the number of turns in the secondary coil.
When the load on a transformer increases, the current in the primary coil increases. This increases the magnetic field, which increases the voltage in the secondary coil. The increased voltage in the secondary coil causes the transformer to “breathe in.” This is because the increased voltage causes the transformer to draw more current from the input voltage source.
When the load on a transformer decreases, the current in the primary coil decreases. This decreases the magnetic field, which decreases the voltage in the secondary coil. The decreased voltage in the secondary coil causes the transformer to “breathe out.” This is because the decreased voltage causes the transformer to draw less current from the input voltage source.
Option B is incorrect because when the load on a transformer decreases, the current in the primary coil decreases. This decreases the magnetic field, which decreases the voltage in the secondary coil. The decreased voltage in the secondary coil causes the transformer to “breathe out.”
Option C is incorrect because when the load on a transformer remains constant, the current in the primary coil remains constant. This means that the magnetic field remains constant, and the voltage in the secondary coil remains constant. The transformer does not “breathe in” or “breathe out” when the load remains constant.
Option D is incorrect because the transformer does “breathe in” when the load on it increases.