Tourism in Sikkim can have both positive and negative impacts on ST communities. Positive impacts include:

The correct answer is: d) All of the above

Tourism can have both positive and negative impacts on ST communities. Positive impacts include:

• Income opportunities: Tourism can provide ST communities with new income opportunities, such as jobs in the tourism industry or selling handicrafts to tourists. This can help to improve the standard of living of ST communities.
• Cultural exchange: Tourism can also lead to cultural exchange between ST communities and tourists. This can help to promote understanding and respect between different cultures.
• Infrastructure development: Tourism can also lead to infrastructure development in ST communities, such as the construction of roads, hotels, and other facilities. This can improve the quality of life in ST communities.

However, tourism can also have negative impacts on ST communities. These include:

• Environmental degradation: Tourism can lead to environmental degradation, such as deforestation, pollution, and water shortages. This can have a negative impact on the livelihoods of ST communities who depend on the environment for their survival.
• Social disruption: Tourism can also lead to social disruption, such as the breakdown of traditional social structures and the increase in crime. This can have a negative impact on the well-being of ST communities.
• Cultural erosion: Tourism can also lead to cultural erosion, as ST communities are exposed to outside influences and their traditional cultures are threatened. This can have a negative impact on the identity and sense of belonging of ST communities.

It is important to weigh the positive and negative impacts of tourism on ST communities when making decisions about tourism development. It is also important to ensure that the benefits of tourism are shared equitably among all members of ST communities, and that the negative impacts of tourism are minimized.