Total number of Fundamental Duties provided under the Constitution of India are

12
9
10
11

The correct answer is (c) 10.

The Fundamental Duties are a set of moral obligations that every Indian citizen is expected to follow. They were added to the Constitution of India in 1976, with the 42nd Amendment. The Fundamental Duties are as follows:

  1. To abide by the Constitution and respect its ideals and institutions, the National Flag and the National Anthem.
  2. To cherish and follow the noble ideals which inspired our national struggle for freedom.
  3. To uphold and protect the sovereignty, unity and integrity of India.
  4. To defend the country and render national service when called upon to do so.
  5. To promote harmony and the spirit of common brotherhood amongst all the people of India transcending religious, linguistic and regional or sectional diversities; to renounce practices derogatory to the dignity of women; and to value and preserve the rich heritage of our composite culture.
  6. To protect and improve the natural environment including forests, lakes, rivers and wildlife and to have compassion for living creatures.
  7. To develop scientific temper, humanism and the spirit of inquiry and reform.
  8. To safeguard public property and to abjure violence.
  9. To strive towards excellence in all spheres of individual and collective activity so that the nation constantly rises to higher levels of endeavour and achievement.
  10. To provide opportunities for education and to promote scientific and technological research.

The Fundamental Duties are not enforceable in a court of law, but they are nevertheless important as a guide to the conduct of citizens. They are a reminder of the values that should underpin our society and of the responsibilities that we all have to each other and to the nation.

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