This technique associates a conditional probability value with each data instance.

linear regression
logistic regression
simple regression
multiple linear regression

The correct answer is B. Logistic regression.

Logistic regression is a statistical method that is used to predict the probability of an event occurring. It is a type of regression analysis that is used to model a binary dependent variable. The dependent variable can be either 0 or 1, such as whether or not a customer will purchase a product.

Logistic regression is a powerful tool that can be used to make predictions about a variety of events. It is often used in marketing, finance, and healthcare.

A. Linear regression is a statistical method that is used to model the relationship between a dependent variable and one or more independent variables. The dependent variable can be continuous, such as height or weight. The independent variables can be continuous or categorical.

C. Simple regression is a type of linear regression that is used to model the relationship between one dependent variable and one independent variable.

D. Multiple linear regression is a type of linear regression that is used to model the relationship between one dependent variable and two or more independent variables.

In conclusion, the correct answer is B. Logistic regression.