The ‘water frame’ of Richard Arkwright was a device for

The ‘water frame’ of Richard Arkwright was a device for

producing a new type of painting
irrigating fields for rice cultivation
producing strong threads of yarn
the faster movement of steamships
This question was previously asked in
UPSC CDS-2 – 2016
The ‘water frame’ invented by Richard Arkwright was a device for producing strong threads of yarn, revolutionizing textile manufacturing.
Richard Arkwright’s water frame, patented in 1769, was a spinning machine powered by a water wheel. It drew cotton rovings through rollers and twisted them as they were drawn, producing a much stronger and harder thread (warp) than the earlier Spinning Jenny. This invention allowed for the production of pure cotton fabric for the first time and led to the development of factories located near water sources.
The water frame was a key invention of the Industrial Revolution, transforming cotton spinning from a cottage industry into factory-based production.