The correct answer is: a) British East India Company rule.
The Vellore Mutiny was a significant early uprising against British East India Company rule. It took place on 10 July 1806 in the city of Vellore, in the Carnatic region of southern India. The mutiny was led by Sepoys, Indian soldiers who were employed by the British East India Company. The Sepoys were unhappy with a number of changes that the British had made to their way of life, including the introduction of new uniforms that they felt were disrespectful to their religion. The mutiny was quickly suppressed by the British, but it had a significant impact on the history of British India. It showed that the British were not invincible, and it led to a number of reforms in the way that the British ruled India.
The other options are incorrect. Option b) is incorrect because the Dutch had lost control of their colonies in India by the end of the 18th century. Option c) is incorrect because the French had been expelled from India by the British in the early 18th century. Option d) is incorrect because the zamindars were Indian landlords who were generally loyal to the British.