The correct answer is: d) All of the above.
Remote sensing and LiDAR are two advanced technologies that can be used to study the Earth’s surface without having to physically touch it. Remote sensing uses satellites or airplanes to collect data about the Earth’s surface, while LiDAR uses lasers to create a three-dimensional map of the surface.
These technologies can be used to discover new archaeological sites by revealing features that are not visible to the naked eye. For example, remote sensing can be used to detect buried walls or structures, while LiDAR can be used to create a detailed map of the ground surface, which can then be used to identify areas that may contain archaeological remains.
Remote sensing and LiDAR can also be used to study existing archaeological sites without excavation. This can be done by creating detailed maps of the site, which can then be used to identify areas that are most likely to contain artifacts or features of interest. Additionally, remote sensing can be used to monitor sites for changes over time, which can help to identify areas that are being damaged or eroded.
Finally, remote sensing and LiDAR can be used to protect sensitive archaeological sites. This can be done by creating maps of the site that can be used to restrict access to the area, or by using the data to create virtual models of the site that can be used for educational or research purposes.
In conclusion, remote sensing and LiDAR are two powerful tools that can be used to study the Earth’s surface and to discover, study, and protect archaeological sites.