The correct answer is: B. the Pleistocene epoch.
The Pleistocene epoch is the uppermost epoch of the Neogene period. It began 2.588 million years ago and ended 11,700 years ago. It is also known as the Ice Age epoch, as it was a time of repeated glaciations and interglacials. The Pleistocene epoch is divided into two periods: the Gelasian and the Pleistocene. The Gelasian period lasted from 2.588 million years ago to 2.1 million years ago, and the Pleistocene period lasted from 2.1 million years ago to 11,700 years ago.
The Pleistocene epoch was a time of great change on Earth. The climate was much colder than it is today, and the Earth was covered in ice sheets. The glaciers advanced and retreated many times during the Pleistocene epoch, and this caused the sea level to fluctuate. The Pleistocene epoch was also a time of great extinctions. Many large mammals, such as the mammoths and saber-toothed cats, became extinct during this time.
The Pleistocene epoch is important because it was a time of great change on Earth. The climate was much colder than it is today, and the Earth was covered in ice sheets. The glaciers advanced and retreated many times during the Pleistocene epoch, and this caused the sea level to fluctuate. The Pleistocene epoch was also a time of great extinctions. Many large mammals, such as the mammoths and saber-toothed cats, became extinct during this time.
The other options are incorrect because they are not the uppermost epoch of the Neogene period. The Miocene epoch is the third epoch of the Neogene period, and the Oligocene epoch is the second epoch of the Neogene period.