The correct answer is A. Mitosis.
Mitosis is a type of cell division that results in two identical daughter cells. It is the process by which somatic cells (non-sex cells) divide to produce new cells. Mitosis is a continuous process that can be divided into four stages: prophase, metaphase, anaphase, and telophase.
In prophase, the chromosomes condense and become visible. The nuclear envelope breaks down and the spindle fibers form.
In metaphase, the chromosomes line up at the center of the cell.
In anaphase, the sister chromatids (the two identical copies of each chromosome) separate and move to opposite poles of the cell.
In telophase, the chromosomes decondense and the nuclear envelope reforms. The spindle fibers disappear and the cell divides into two daughter cells.
Meiosis is a type of cell division that results in four daughter cells, each with half the number of chromosomes as the parent cell. Meiosis is the process by which sex cells (gametes) are produced. Meiosis is a two-step process that can be divided into meiosis I and meiosis II.
In meiosis I, the homologous chromosomes (the two chromosomes that code for the same genes) pair up and exchange genetic material. This process is called crossing over. After crossing over, the homologous chromosomes separate and move to opposite poles of the cell.
In meiosis II, the sister chromatids (the two identical copies of each chromosome) separate and move to opposite poles of the cell. This results in four daughter cells, each with half the number of chromosomes as the parent cell.
Binary fission is a type of asexual reproduction in which a single cell divides into two identical daughter cells. Binary fission is the most common form of reproduction in bacteria.
Regenration is the ability of an organism to replace lost or damaged parts. Regeneration is common in invertebrates, such as starfish and planarians.