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The two provisions of the Constitution of India that most clearly expr

June 1, 2025 by rawan239

The two provisions of the Constitution of India that most clearly express the power of judicial review are:

Article 21 and Article 446

Article 32 and Article 226

Article 44 and Article 152

Article 17 and Article 143

This question was previously asked in

UPSC NDA-2 – 2015

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The correct answer is B) Article 32 and Article 226. These two articles are the most direct constitutional provisions that enable judicial review in India. Article 32 guarantees the right to move the Supreme Court for the enforcement of Fundamental Rights and empowers the Supreme Court to issue writs (Habeas Corpus, Mandamus, Prohibition, Certiorari, and Quo Warranto) for this purpose. Article 226 grants similar powers to the High Courts to issue writs for the enforcement of Fundamental Rights and also for any other legal right. These articles allow courts to review the constitutionality of laws and executive actions if they violate fundamental or other legal rights.

Articles 32 and 226 provide citizens with the means to directly approach the Supreme Court and High Courts, respectively, to challenge violations of rights through the power of issuing writs, thereby acting as mechanisms for judicial review.

While the power of judicial review is also implicitly derived from other articles (like Article 13 which voids laws inconsistent with Fundamental Rights, the structure of the Constitution establishing the judiciary as the interpreter and protector of the Constitution, etc.), Articles 32 and 226 are the procedural backbone for invoking this power, particularly concerning rights enforcement. Other options are incorrect as Article 21 is a fundamental right itself, Article 44 is a DPSP, Article 17 is a fundamental right, Article 143 is related to advisory jurisdiction, and Article 152 defines ‘State’ for a different part of the Constitution. Article 446 does not exist in the Indian Constitution.

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