The transfer of thermal energy carries which of the following

The transfer of thermal energy carries which of the following phenomena?

Conduction and convection only
Only conduction
Conduction, convection and radiation
Only radiation
This question was previously asked in
UPSC CISF-AC-EXE – 2020
Thermal energy, or heat, can be transferred from one place to another through three fundamental mechanisms: conduction, convection, and radiation. Conduction is the transfer of heat through direct contact of particles, primarily in solids. Convection is the transfer of heat through the movement of fluids (liquids or gases). Radiation is the transfer of heat through electromagnetic waves, which does not require a medium and can occur through a vacuum.
The three main modes of thermal energy transfer are conduction, convection, and radiation.
Examples: Conduction transfers heat through a metal rod when one end is heated. Convection transfers heat in boiling water or rising hot air. Radiation transfers heat from the sun to the Earth, or from a fire to your hands. All three phenomena contribute to the transfer of thermal energy in different situations.