The correct answer is: a) Dzongs (fortresses) controlling different regions.
Sikkim is a state in northeastern India. It is bordered by Bhutan to the west, China to the north and east, Nepal to the south, and West Bengal to the southwest. The capital of Sikkim is Gangtok.
The traditional administrative system of Sikkim was based on a system of dzongs (fortresses) controlling different regions. The dzongs were built by the Namgyal dynasty, which ruled Sikkim from the 17th century to the 20th century. The dzongs were both administrative centers and religious centers.
The dzongs were controlled by a hereditary chief called the Chogyal. The Chogyal was assisted by a council of ministers called the Tsongdu. The Tsongdu was made up of representatives from the different regions of Sikkim.
The traditional administrative system of Sikkim was abolished in 1975, when Sikkim became an Indian state. However, the dzongs still play an important role in Sikkimese culture and society.
Here is a brief explanation of each option:
- Option (a): Dzongs (fortresses) controlling different regions. This is the correct answer. As explained above, the traditional administrative system of Sikkim was based on a system of dzongs (fortresses) controlling different regions.
- Option (b): A centralized bureaucracy. This is not the correct answer. The traditional administrative system of Sikkim was not based on a centralized bureaucracy. Instead, it was based on a system of dzongs (fortresses) controlling different regions.
- Option (c): Elected village councils. This is not the correct answer. The traditional administrative system of Sikkim was not based on elected village councils. Instead, it was based on a system of dzongs (fortresses) controlling different regions.
- Option (d): A feudal land ownership system. This is not the correct answer. The traditional administrative system of Sikkim was not based on a feudal land ownership system. Instead, it was based on a system of dzongs (fortresses) controlling different regions.