The three primary dimensions of the Human Development Index (HDI) are health, education, and income. The HDI is a composite statistic of life expectancy, education, and per capita income indicators, which are used to rank countries into four tiers of human development. The HDI was developed by the United Nations Development Programme (UNDP) and is published annually as part of the Human Development Report.
The HDI is a valuable tool for assessing the progress of countries towards achieving human development goals. It is also used to compare the level of human development between countries and to identify areas where countries need to improve.
The HDI is calculated using the following formula:
HDI = (longevity à education à income)/3
where:
- Longevity is measured by life expectancy at birth.
- Education is measured by mean years of schooling and expected years of schooling.
- Income is measured by gross national income per capita (GNIpc) in purchasing power parity (PPP) dollars.
The HDI is a valuable tool for assessing the progress of countries towards achieving human development goals. It is also used to compare the level of human development between countries and to identify areas where countries need to improve.
The HDI has been criticized for its focus on income and for its neglect of other important dimensions of human development, such as gender equality, environmental sustainability, and cultural diversity. However, the HDI remains an important tool for assessing the progress of countries towards achieving human development goals.
Here is a brief explanation of each option:
- Option a: Health, Education, Income. This is the correct answer. The three primary dimensions of the HDI are health, education, and income.
- Option b: Environment, Governance, Equality. This option is incorrect. The environment is not a primary dimension of the HDI.
- Option c: Infrastructure, Trade, Technology. This option is incorrect. Infrastructure, trade, and technology are not primary dimensions of the HDI.
- Option d: Democracy, Human Rights, Sustainability. This option is incorrect. Democracy, human rights, and sustainability are not primary dimensions of the HDI.