The theory of Separation of Powers is a division of powers between :

The theory of Separation of Powers is a division of powers between :

Central and State Governments.
different branches of Government.
the polity and the economy.
State and local Governments.
This question was previously asked in
UPSC CAPF – 2016
The theory of Separation of Powers is a fundamental principle in political science that advocates for the division of governmental authority among different branches to prevent the concentration of power and ensure checks and balances. These branches typically include the legislative (making laws), the executive (implementing laws), and the judicial (interpreting laws).
– The core idea of Separation of Powers is to divide governmental functions among distinct entities.
– These distinct entities are traditionally identified as the legislative, executive, and judicial branches of government.
– The concept was notably articulated by Montesquieu in ‘The Spirit of the Laws’, building upon earlier ideas by Locke.
– While other options (A, C, D) represent divisions or relationships within a political system (federalism, socio-economic spheres, decentralization), they do not define the classical theory of Separation of Powers as a division *between different branches of Government*.