The terms ‘Pinaka and Smerch’ mentioned in news recently refer to

The terms ‘Pinaka and Smerch’ mentioned in news recently refer to

Cruise missiles
Nuclear-powered submarines
Rocket launcher systems
Weaponised drones
This question was previously asked in
UPSC CDS-1 – 2022
Pinaka and Smerch are both types of multi-barrel rocket launcher (MBRL) systems used by the Indian Army.
Pinaka is an indigenous Indian system developed by DRDO, while Smerch is a Russian-made system procured by India. Both are designed to fire multiple rockets rapidly to saturate an area.
The Pinaka MBRL system is being upgraded to provide enhanced range and accuracy. The Smerch system is known for its long range and devastating firepower. These systems are crucial for artillery support and battlefield dominance.