The correct answer is: B. Less than 150 V
When the load current is increased, the terminal voltage of a series generator will decrease. This is because the increased load current causes a greater voltage drop across the internal resistance of the generator. The internal resistance of a generator is always present, and it causes a voltage drop that is in series with the load. This voltage drop is proportional to the load current, so as the load current increases, the voltage drop across the internal resistance also increases. This decrease in terminal voltage is known as the “voltage regulation” of the generator.
The voltage regulation of a generator is typically expressed as a percentage. It is calculated by dividing the change in terminal voltage by the no-load voltage and multiplying by 100%. For example, if a generator has a no-load voltage of 150 V and a voltage regulation of 5%, then the terminal voltage will decrease by 7.5 V when the load current is increased from 0 A to 10 A.
The voltage regulation of a generator is an important factor to consider when selecting a generator for a particular application. A generator with good voltage regulation will maintain a relatively constant output voltage even as the load current changes. This is important for applications where a constant output voltage is required, such as in power supplies and lighting systems.
The following are brief explanations of each option:
- Option A: 150 V. This is the no-load voltage of the generator. The no-load voltage is the voltage that the generator produces when there is no load connected. As the load current increases, the terminal voltage will decrease. Therefore, the terminal voltage will be less than 150 V when the load current is increased to 10 A.
- Option B: Less than 150 V. This is the correct answer. As explained above, the terminal voltage of a series generator will decrease as the load current increases. Therefore, the terminal voltage will be less than 150 V when the load current is increased to 10 A.
- Option C: Greater than 150 V. This is the incorrect answer. As explained above, the terminal voltage of a series generator will decrease as the load current increases. Therefore, the terminal voltage will be less than 150 V when the load current is increased to 10 A.
- Option D: None of the above. This is the incorrect answer. As explained above, the correct answer is B.