The term ‘Intended Nationally Deter- mined Contributions’ is sometimes

The term ‘Intended Nationally Deter- mined Contributions’ is sometimes seen in the news in the context of

pledges made by the European countries to rehabilitate refugees from the war-affected Middle East
plan of action outlined by the countries of the world to combat climate change
capital contributed by the member countries in the establishment of Asian Infrastructure Investment Bank
plan of action outlined by the countries of the world regarding Sustainable Development Goals
This question was previously asked in
UPSC IAS – 2016
The term ‘Intended Nationally Determined Contributions’ (INDCs) is directly related to the international efforts to address climate change under the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC).
INDCs were commitments made by countries in the lead-up to the 2015 Paris Agreement. They represent each country’s plan of action outlining the steps they intend to take to reduce greenhouse gas emissions and adapt to the impacts of climate change. The Paris Agreement built upon INDCs, requiring countries to submit Nationally Determined Contributions (NDCs) and update them every five years.
Option A is incorrect as INDCs are related to climate action, not refugee rehabilitation. Option C is incorrect as AIIB capital contributions are related to financial institutions, not climate change commitments. Option D is incorrect as while climate action contributes to Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), INDCs/NDCs are specifically the climate action pledges under the UNFCCC, distinct from the broader SDG framework.
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