The correct answer is: d) All of the above.
The Supreme Court of India is the highest court of appeal in India. It has the power of judicial review, which means that it can strike down laws that it deems to be unconstitutional. It also has the power to issue writs, which are orders that can be used to protect the fundamental rights of citizens. Additionally, the Supreme Court has advisory jurisdiction, which means that it can give its opinion on matters of law that are referred to it by the government.
Judicial review is the power of a court to declare laws unconstitutional. This power is based on the principle of judicial supremacy, which holds that the courts are the final arbiters of the meaning of the Constitution. The Supreme Court of India has the power of judicial review under Article 13 of the Constitution. This article states that any law that is inconsistent with the Constitution is void. The Supreme Court has used this power to strike down a number of laws, including laws that discriminate against minorities, laws that restrict freedom of speech, and laws that violate the right to privacy.
The power to issue writs is a power that is given to the Supreme Court by Article 32 of the Constitution. This article states that the Supreme Court can issue writs, including habeas corpus, mandamus, certiorari, quo warranto, and prohibition. These writs can be used to protect the fundamental rights of citizens. For example, a writ of habeas corpus can be used to release someone who is being held in prison without being charged with a crime. A writ of mandamus can be used to order a government official to take a certain action. A writ of certiorari can be used to review a decision of a lower court. A writ of quo warranto can be used to challenge the authority of someone who is holding a public office. A writ of prohibition can be used to prevent a lower court from hearing a case.
The Supreme Court has advisory jurisdiction under Article 143 of the Constitution. This article states that the President can refer any question of law or fact to the Supreme Court for its opinion. The Supreme Court is not bound to give its opinion on a reference, but it usually does so. The Supreme Court’s advisory opinions are not binding on the government, but they are often highly influential.