The study of medieval Assam helps us understand:

The correct answer is: d) All of the above.

The study of medieval Assam helps us understand the roots of modern Assam, cultural exchange in Northeast India, and resistance to external forces.

• The roots of modern Assam can be traced back to the medieval period. During this time, the region was ruled by a number of different kingdoms, including the Ahom kingdom, the Koch kingdom, and the Kachari kingdom. These kingdoms had a significant impact on the development of Assamese culture and society.
• Cultural exchange in Northeast India was also a major feature of the medieval period. The region was home to a number of different ethnic groups, who interacted with each other and with people from other parts of India. This led to the development of a unique and vibrant culture in Northeast India.
• Resistance to external forces was another important aspect of medieval Assamese history. The region was frequently invaded by foreign powers, including the Mughals and the Burmese. However, the Assamese people were able to resist these invasions and maintain their independence.

The study of medieval Assam is therefore essential for understanding the history and culture of the region. It provides insights into the roots of modern Assam, cultural exchange in Northeast India, and resistance to external forces.