The Self-Respect Movement was initiated by

The Self-Respect Movement was initiated by

B.R. Ambedkar
Jyotiba Phule
E.V. Ramaswamy Naicker
Jawaharlal Nehru
This question was previously asked in
UPSC CDS-2 – 2021
The correct answer is E.V. Ramaswamy Naicker.
The Self-Respect Movement was a socio-political movement started in South India (primarily Tamil Nadu) in 1925 by E.V. Ramaswamy Naicker, popularly known as Periyar. The movement aimed at achieving a society where backward castes have equal human rights and encourages them to seek self-respect. It was a significant force against Brahminical dominance, caste hierarchy, and religious superstitions.
While B.R. Ambedkar and Jyotiba Phule were crucial figures in fighting against caste discrimination and working for the upliftment of depressed classes, the Self-Respect Movement is specifically associated with Periyar in South India. Jawaharlal Nehru was primarily a political leader in the nationalist movement.