The correct answer is: d) All of the above.
The Self-Respect Movement was a social reform movement founded by Periyar E. V. Ramasamy in the early 20th century. The movement challenged caste-based discrimination, economic exploitation, and gender inequality.
Periyar believed that caste was a social evil that had to be abolished. He argued that all people were equal and should be treated with respect, regardless of their caste. He also campaigned for the rights of women, including the right to education and property ownership.
The Self-Respect Movement had a significant impact on Indian society. It helped to raise awareness of the problems of caste-based discrimination, economic exploitation, and gender inequality. It also helped to empower people to fight for their rights.
Here is a brief explanation of each option:
- Caste-based discrimination: The Self-Respect Movement challenged the caste system, which is a system of social stratification based on birth. The caste system is deeply rooted in Indian society and has been used to justify the oppression of lower castes. The Self-Respect Movement argued that the caste system was unjust and should be abolished.
- Economic exploitation: The Self-Respect Movement also challenged economic exploitation. Periyar argued that the poor and working class were being exploited by the rich and powerful. He called for economic equality and social justice.
- Gender inequality: The Self-Respect Movement also challenged gender inequality. Periyar argued that women were being oppressed by men. He called for equal rights for women, including the right to education and property ownership.