The correct answer is A. Alexander Fleming.
Alexander Fleming was a Scottish bacteriologist who discovered penicillin in 1928. He was born in Lochfield, Ayrshire, Scotland on August 6, 1881. He studied medicine at the University of St Andrews and the Royal College of Surgeons in Edinburgh. After graduating, he worked as a researcher at St Mary’s Hospital in London.
In 1928, Fleming was working in his laboratory when he noticed that a mold had grown on a petri dish containing bacteria. He observed that the bacteria around the mold were dying. Fleming realized that the mold was producing a substance that was killing the bacteria. He named this substance penicillin.
Penicillin was the first antibiotic to be discovered. It revolutionized medicine and saved countless lives. Fleming was awarded the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine in 1945 for his discovery of penicillin. He died on March 11, 1955.
Option B, Albert Einstein, was a German-born theoretical physicist who developed the theory of relativity, one of the two pillars of modern physics (alongside quantum mechanics). He is best known for his massâenergy equivalence formula E = mc2, which has been dubbed “the world’s most famous equation”. He received the 1921 Nobel Prize in Physics “for his services to theoretical physics, and especially for his discovery of the law of the photoelectric effect”, a crucial step in the development of quantum theory.
Option C, Archimedes, was a Greek mathematician, physicist, engineer, inventor, astronomer, and geographer of the Hellenistic period. He was a polymath, and one of the greatest mathematicians of all time. He is often referred to as the “Father of Mathematics” and the “Father of Science”.
Option D, Aryabhata, was an Indian mathematician and astronomer who lived in the 5th century CE. He is considered one of the most important mathematicians of the ancient world. He is credited with developing the concept of zero and the decimal system. He also made significant contributions to the fields of trigonometry and astronomy.