The correct answer is: d) All of the above.
The Samagra Shiksha Abhiyan (SSA) is a key government initiative aimed at universalizing elementary education, improving school infrastructure, and enhancing teacher quality. It is a centrally sponsored scheme that was launched in 2018 to consolidate and streamline the implementation of various centrally sponsored schemes in the education sector.
The SSA aims to provide quality education to all children in the age group of 6-14 years, irrespective of their social, economic, or geographical background. It also aims to improve the quality of education by providing better infrastructure, training teachers, and developing innovative teaching-learning methods.
The SSA has been successful in achieving some of its goals. For example, the enrollment rate in elementary education has increased from 93% in 2010-11 to 97% in 2017-18. The dropout rate has also declined from 6% in 2010-11 to 4% in 2017-18.
However, there are still some challenges that need to be addressed. For example, the quality of education in some schools is still not up to the mark. There is also a need to improve the infrastructure of schools in rural areas.
Overall, the SSA is a positive initiative that has the potential to improve the quality of education in India. However, more needs to be done to achieve its goals.
Here is a brief explanation of each option:
- Option a: Universalizing elementary education means providing quality education to all children in the age group of 6-14 years, irrespective of their social, economic, or geographical background.
- Option b: Improving school infrastructure means providing better facilities in schools, such as classrooms, toilets, drinking water, and electricity.
- Option c: Enhancing teacher quality means providing training to teachers to improve their skills and knowledge.